individuals pay ten times more in tax for breaching the lifetime allowance.

20th August 2018

1000% more than ten years ago when the allowance was introduced
The tax collected from individuals breaching the Lifetime Allowance (the amount of savings which can be built up in a pension and receive tax relief) has rocketed by £100m since it was introduced in 2006, with the latest figures showing that £110m in tax was collected from individuals exceeding the allowance during 2016/17, compared with less than £10m in 2006/7 when the Lifetime Allowance (LTA) was introduced.

WEALTH at work, a specialist provider of financial education and guidance in the workplace supported by regulated advice for individuals, believes that individuals who breach the LTA typically fall into one of the following three categories – and by highlighting this, it can help individuals identify if they are at risk.

The blissfully unaware

Who are these lucky people to have a pension pot valued at the current LTA limit of £1.03 million or more? It is quite possible that the value of someone’s pot is far higher than they realise and that they may have already breached the allowance. This could particularly affect those who never check the value of their pension, or haven’t done so for some time. Also, many individuals in defined benefit (DB) pension schemes are unaware that their pension is valued at twenty times their annual pension for LTA purposes and so an annual pension of £30,000 has a value of £600,000.

If a member of a DB pension scheme decides to transfer their pension into a defined contribution scheme to take advantage of the pension freedoms, the transfer values offered can be much higher than the standard method of working out the LTA value. For example, transfer values can be as high as forty times the annual pension, so using the above example, an annual pension of £30,000 could have a transfer value of £1.2m and therefore exceed the LTA.

Those who think they are a long way off

This group of individuals believe that they are a long way from breaching the LTA, but in fact aren’t. This is particularly the case where individuals are making healthy contributions into their pension and perhaps receiving valuable matching contributions from their employer. Positive pension fund growth as well as a pay rise may easily push someone over the LTA before they know it.

For example*, if someone aged 45 has a pension fund of £400,000 and a salary of £50,000, saves 5% of their salary into their pension which rises by 3% p.a and receives employer contributions of 10%, rising by 3% p.a., it is possible for their pension fund to reach £1,670,000 by the time they retire at 65. By this time the LTA is expected to be valued at £1,690,000, showing they are not that far from breaching the limit.

Those who think they are protected but aren’t

This group of individuals could unknowingly breach the LTA because of the way in which auto-enrolment works.

For example, employees who have taken protection measures and opted out of their workplace pension scheme to safeguard their savings from a LTA charge could still be at risk of a breach. This is because employers are required to re-enrol employees every three years and may do so without their knowledge.

Responsible employers will inform employees whom they plan to re-enrol, so that they’re aware that pension contributions will be deducted from their monthly pay, but it is not a legal requirement for them to do so. Just one month’s contributions could invalidate a previously applied for protection, without someone even realising.

For those that could be at risk there are some steps that can be taken to either avoid or reduce the impact of the LTA:

Find out how much LTA has been used
Firstly, individuals who have already taken some of their pension should request a current valuation for their pension pot from their employer or pension scheme administrator and ask how much of their LTA they have used. If they have more than one pension, they will need to add up what they’ve accumulated across all pensions. Individuals are then in the best possible position to choose the most appropriate type of support that they need.

Ask about workplace support
Individuals should find out what support is available through their workplace. Some employers may offer cash in lieu of pension contributions for employees who are close to exceeding the LTA. They may also offer financial education or regulated advice to help individuals understand their specific situation.

Research alternative savings vehicles
Individual Savings Accounts and workplace share schemes are two tax-efficient savings vehicles to consider investing in as an alternative, or supplementary to a pension.

Opt-out
Individuals could chose to opt-out of their workplace pension scheme but will need to remember that they may be re-enrolled by their employer after three years. They should make a note of when this will be and speak to their employer to discuss their options before the three year period arrives. A decision to opt-out should not be taken lightly. Individuals should remember that the LTA is an allowance, it is not a limit, so it could well be in a member’s best interests to remain active in their pension scheme despite a potential tax charge. If opt-out for LTA purposes is being considered then it’s best to seek regulated advice from a suitably qualified adviser.

Take early retirement
A simple way to avoid exceeding the LTA, or incurring further charges, is to stop contributing into a pension and taking early retirement.

Jonathan Watts-Lay, Director, WEALTH at work, comments;

“Reaching the LTA could be closer than many think. For example, individuals may have a number of pension schemes that when combined with their current pension provision, could exceed the allowance.

The tax implications could be drastic with many potentially being hit with an unexpected and sometimes unnecessary tax bill.

It’s vital that you take the time to consider all options including seeking further guidance or regulated advice if required, before making what could be a life-changing decision.”

*Assumes growth rate of 5% and inflation at 2.5%, and excludes charges on the pension plan

Further coverage was gained in the Mirror, Money Observer, msn.com, The Times (1), The Times (2) and Your Money.